Simulating the 21 cm forest detectable with LOFAR and SKA in the spectra of high-z GRBs

B. Ciardi; S. Inoue; F. B. Abdalla; K. Asad; G. Bernardi; J. S. Bolton; M. Brentjens; A. G. De Bruyn; E. Chapman; S. Daiboo; E. R. Fernandez; A. Ghosh; L. Graziani; G. J.A. Harker; I. T. Iliev; V. Jelić; H. Jensen; S. Kazemi; L. V.E. Koopmans; O. Martinez; A. Maselli; G. Mellema; A. R. Offringa; V. N. Pandey; J. Schaye; R. Thomas; H. Vedantham; S. Yatawatta; S. Zaroubi

doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1640

Simulating the 21 cm forest detectable with LOFAR and SKA in the spectra of high-z GRBs

B. Ciardi, S. Inoue, F. B. Abdalla, K. Asad, G. Bernardi, J. S. Bolton, M. Brentjens, A. G. De Bruyn, E. Chapman, S. Daiboo, E. R. Fernandez, A. Ghosh, L. Graziani, G. J.A. Harker, I. T. Iliev, V. Jelić, H. Jensen, S. Kazemi, L. V.E. Koopmans, O. MartinezA. Maselli, G. Mellema, A. R. Offringa, V. N. Pandey, J. Schaye, R. Thomas, H. Vedantham, S. Yatawatta, S. Zaroubi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We investigate the feasibility of detecting 21 cm absorption features in the afterglow spectra of high redshift long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). This is done employing simulations of cosmic reionization, together with estimates of the GRB radio afterglow flux and the instrumental characteristics of the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR).We find that absorption features could be marginally (with a S/N larger than a few) detected by LOFAR at z ≳ 7 if the GRB is a highly energetic event originating from Pop III stars, while the detection would be easier if the noise were reduced by one order of magnitude, i.e. similar to what is expected for the first phase of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA1-low). On the other hand, more standard GRBs are too dim to be detected even with ten times the sensitivity of SKA1-low, and only in the most optimistic case can a S/N larger than a few be reached at z ≳ 9.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	101-105
Number of pages	5
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	453
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1640
State	Published - 11 Oct 2015
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 The Authors.

Keywords

Dark ages, reionization, first stars
Gamma-ray burst: general
Radio lines: general

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10.1093/mnras/stv1640

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Ciardi, B., Inoue, S., Abdalla, F. B., Asad, K., Bernardi, G., Bolton, J. S., Brentjens, M., De Bruyn, A. G., Chapman, E., Daiboo, S., Fernandez, E. R., Ghosh, A., Graziani, L., Harker, G. J. A., Iliev, I. T., Jelić, V., Jensen, H., Kazemi, S., Koopmans, L. V. E., ... Zaroubi, S. (2015). Simulating the 21 cm forest detectable with LOFAR and SKA in the spectra of high-z GRBs. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 453(1), 101-105. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1640

@article{e864e403a0334d7cabb030388fff0636,

title = "Simulating the 21 cm forest detectable with LOFAR and SKA in the spectra of high-z GRBs",

abstract = "We investigate the feasibility of detecting 21 cm absorption features in the afterglow spectra of high redshift long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). This is done employing simulations of cosmic reionization, together with estimates of the GRB radio afterglow flux and the instrumental characteristics of the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR).We find that absorption features could be marginally (with a S/N larger than a few) detected by LOFAR at z ≳ 7 if the GRB is a highly energetic event originating from Pop III stars, while the detection would be easier if the noise were reduced by one order of magnitude, i.e. similar to what is expected for the first phase of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA1-low). On the other hand, more standard GRBs are too dim to be detected even with ten times the sensitivity of SKA1-low, and only in the most optimistic case can a S/N larger than a few be reached at z ≳ 9.",

keywords = "Dark ages, reionization, first stars, Gamma-ray burst: general, Radio lines: general",

author = "B. Ciardi and S. Inoue and Abdalla, {F. B.} and K. Asad and G. Bernardi and Bolton, {J. S.} and M. Brentjens and {De Bruyn}, {A. G.} and E. Chapman and S. Daiboo and Fernandez, {E. R.} and A. Ghosh and L. Graziani and Harker, {G. J.A.} and Iliev, {I. T.} and V. Jeli{\'c} and H. Jensen and S. Kazemi and Koopmans, {L. V.E.} and O. Martinez and A. Maselli and G. Mellema and Offringa, {A. R.} and Pandey, {V. N.} and J. Schaye and R. Thomas and H. Vedantham and S. Yatawatta and S. Zaroubi",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 The Authors.",

year = "2015",

month = oct,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stv1640",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "453",

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Ciardi, B, Inoue, S, Abdalla, FB, Asad, K, Bernardi, G, Bolton, JS, Brentjens, M, De Bruyn, AG, Chapman, E, Daiboo, S, Fernandez, ER, Ghosh, A, Graziani, L, Harker, GJA, Iliev, IT, Jelić, V, Jensen, H, Kazemi, S, Koopmans, LVE, Martinez, O, Maselli, A, Mellema, G, Offringa, AR, Pandey, VN, Schaye, J, Thomas, R, Vedantham, H, Yatawatta, S & Zaroubi, S 2015, 'Simulating the 21 cm forest detectable with LOFAR and SKA in the spectra of high-z GRBs', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 453, no. 1, pp. 101-105. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1640

TY - JOUR

T1 - Simulating the 21 cm forest detectable with LOFAR and SKA in the spectra of high-z GRBs

AU - Ciardi, B.

AU - Inoue, S.

AU - Abdalla, F. B.

AU - Asad, K.

AU - Bernardi, G.

AU - Bolton, J. S.

AU - Brentjens, M.

AU - De Bruyn, A. G.

AU - Chapman, E.

AU - Daiboo, S.

AU - Fernandez, E. R.

AU - Ghosh, A.

AU - Graziani, L.

AU - Harker, G. J.A.

AU - Iliev, I. T.

AU - Jelić, V.

AU - Jensen, H.

AU - Kazemi, S.

AU - Koopmans, L. V.E.

AU - Martinez, O.

AU - Maselli, A.

AU - Mellema, G.

AU - Offringa, A. R.

AU - Pandey, V. N.

AU - Schaye, J.

AU - Thomas, R.

AU - Vedantham, H.

AU - Yatawatta, S.

AU - Zaroubi, S.

PY - 2015/10/11

Y1 - 2015/10/11

N2 - We investigate the feasibility of detecting 21 cm absorption features in the afterglow spectra of high redshift long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). This is done employing simulations of cosmic reionization, together with estimates of the GRB radio afterglow flux and the instrumental characteristics of the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR).We find that absorption features could be marginally (with a S/N larger than a few) detected by LOFAR at z ≳ 7 if the GRB is a highly energetic event originating from Pop III stars, while the detection would be easier if the noise were reduced by one order of magnitude, i.e. similar to what is expected for the first phase of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA1-low). On the other hand, more standard GRBs are too dim to be detected even with ten times the sensitivity of SKA1-low, and only in the most optimistic case can a S/N larger than a few be reached at z ≳ 9.

AB - We investigate the feasibility of detecting 21 cm absorption features in the afterglow spectra of high redshift long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). This is done employing simulations of cosmic reionization, together with estimates of the GRB radio afterglow flux and the instrumental characteristics of the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR).We find that absorption features could be marginally (with a S/N larger than a few) detected by LOFAR at z ≳ 7 if the GRB is a highly energetic event originating from Pop III stars, while the detection would be easier if the noise were reduced by one order of magnitude, i.e. similar to what is expected for the first phase of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA1-low). On the other hand, more standard GRBs are too dim to be detected even with ten times the sensitivity of SKA1-low, and only in the most optimistic case can a S/N larger than a few be reached at z ≳ 9.

KW - Dark ages, reionization, first stars

KW - Gamma-ray burst: general

KW - Radio lines: general

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VL - 453

SP - 101

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JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 1

ER -

Simulating the 21 cm forest detectable with LOFAR and SKA in the spectra of high-z GRBs

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Keywords

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