Abstract
The survey of galaxy clusters performed by Planck through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect has already discovered many interesting objects, thanks to its full sky coverage. One of the SZ candidates detected inthe early months of the mission near to the signal-to-noise threshold, PLCKG214.6+37.0, was later revealed by XMM-Newton to be a triple system of galaxy clusters. We present the results from a deep XMM-Newton re-observation of PLCKG214.6+37.0, part of a multi-wavelength programme to investigate Planck discovered superclusters. The characterisation of the physical properties of the three components has allowed us to build a template model to extract the total SZ signal of this system with Planck data. We have partly reconciled the discrepancy between the expected SZ signal derived from X-rays and the observed one, which are now consistent within 1.2σ. We measured the redshift of the three components with the iron lines in the X-ray spectrum, and confirm that the three clumps are likely part of the same supercluster structure. The analysis of the dynamical state of the three components, as well as the absence of detectable excess X-ray emission, suggests that we are witnessing the formation of a massive cluster at an early phase of interaction.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | A132 |
| Journal | Astronomy and Astrophysics |
| Volume | 550 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 2013 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Planck discovered triple system of galaxy clusters Planck Collaboration Ade P. A. R. 88 Aghanim N. 60 Arnaud M. 75 Ashdown M. 72 7 Atrio-Barandela F. 20 Aumont J. 60 Baccigalupi C. 87 Balbi A. 38 Banday A. J. 97 10 Barreiro R. B. 68 Bartlett J. G. 1 69 Battaner E. 99 Benabed K. 61 95 Benoît A. 58 Bernard J.-P. 10 Bersanelli M. 36 52 Bhatia R. 8 Bikmaev I. 22 3 Böhringer H. 81 Bonaldi A. 70 Bond J. R. 9 Borrill J. 15 91 Bouchet F. R. 61 95 Bourdin H. 38 Burenin R. 89 Burigana C. 51 34 Cabella P. 39 Cardoso J.-F. 76 1 61 Castex G. 1 Catalano A. 77 74 Cayón L. 32 Chamballu A. 56 Chiang L.-Y 64 Chon G. 81 Christensen P. R. 84 40 Clements D. L. 56 Colafrancesco S. 48 Colombi S. 61 95 Colombo L. P. L. 25 69 Comis B. 77 Coulais A. 74 Crill B. P. 69 85 Cuttaia F. 51 Da Silva A. 13 Dahle H. 66 12 Danese L. 87 Davis R. J. 70 de Bernardis P. 35 de Gasperis G. 38 de Zotti G. 47 87 Delabrouille J. 1 Démoclès J. 75 Diego J. M. 68 Dolag K. 98 80 Dole H. 60 59 Donzelli S. 52 Doré O. 69 11 Dörl U. 80 Douspis M. 60 Dupac X. 43 Efstathiou G. 65 Enßlin T. A. 80 Eriksen H. K. 66 Finelli F. 51 Flores-Cacho I. 10 97 Forni O. 97 10 Frailis M. 49 Franceschi E. 51 Frommert M. 19 Galeotta S. 49 Ganga K. 1 Génova-Santos R. T. 67 Giard M. 97 10 Gilfanov M. 80 90 Giraud-Héraud Y. 1 González-Nuevo J. 68 87 Górski K. M. 69 100 Gregorio A. 37 49 Gruppuso A. 51 Hansen F. K. 66 Harrison D. 65 72 Heinämäki P. 94 Hempel A. 67 41 Henrot-Versillé S. 73 Hernández-Monteagudo C. 14 80 Herranz D. 68 Hildebrandt S. R. 11 Hivon E. 61 95 Hobson M. 7 Holmes W. A. 69 Hurier G. 77 Jaffe T. R. 97 10 Jaffe A. H. 56 Jagemann T. 43 Jones W. C. 27 Juvela M. 26 Keihänen E. 26 Khamitov I. 93 Kisner T. S. 79 Kneissl R. 42 8 Knoche J. 80 Knox L. 29 Kunz M. 19 60 4 Kurki-Suonio H. 26 46 Lagache G. 60 Lähteenmäki A. 2 46 Lamarre J.-M. 74 Lasenby A. 7 72 Lawrence C. R. 69 Le Jeune M. 1 Leonardi R. 43 Lilje P. B. 66 12 López-Caniego M. 68 Luzzi G. 73 Macías-Pérez J. F. 77 Maino D. 36 52 Mandolesi N. 51 6 34 Maris M. 49 Marleau F. 63 Marshall D. J. 75 Martínez-González E. 68 Masi S. 35 Massardi M. 50 Matarrese S. 33 Mazzotta P. 38 Mei S. 45 96 11 Melchiorri A. 35 53 Melin J.-B. 17 Mendes L. 43 Mennella A. 36 52 Mitra S. 55 69 Miville-Deschênes M.-A. 60 9 Moneti A. 61 Montier L. 97 10 Morgante G. 51 Mortlock D. 56 Munshi D. 88 Murphy J. A. 83 Naselsky P. 84 40 Nati F. 35 Natoli P. 34 5 51 Nørgaard-Nielsen H. U. 18 Noviello F. 70 Novikov D. 56 Novikov I. 84 Osborne S. 92 Pajot F. 60 Paoletti D. 51 Pasian F. 49 Patanchon G. 1 Perdereau O. 73 Perotto L. 77 Perrotta F. 87 Piacentini F. 35 Piat M. 1 Pierpaoli E. 25 Piffaretti R. 75 17 Plaszczynski S. 73 Pointecouteau E. 97 10 Polenta G. 5 48 Ponthieu N. 60 54 Popa L. 62 Poutanen T. 46 26 2 Pratt G. W. 75 Prunet S. 61 95 Puget J.-L. 60 Rachen J. P. 23 80 Rebolo R. 67 16 41 Reinecke M. 80 Remazeilles M. 60 1 Renault C. 77 Ricciardi S. 51 Riller T. 80 Ristorcelli I. 97 10 Rocha G. 69 11 Roman M. 1 Rosset C. 1 Rossetti M. 36 52 ⋆ Rubiño-Martín J. A. 67 41 Rusholme B. 57 Sandri M. 51 Savini G. 86 Scott D. 24 Smoot G. F. 28 79 1 Starck J.-L. 75 Sudiwala R. 88 Sunyaev R. 80 90 Sutton D. 65 72 Suur-Uski A.-S. 26 46 Sygnet J.-F. 61 Tauber J. A. 44 Terenzi L. 51 Toffolatti L. 21 68 Tomasi M. 52 Tristram M. 73 Tuovinen J. 82 Valenziano L. 51 Van Tent B. 78 Vielva P. 68 Villa F. 51 Vittorio N. 38 Wade L. A. 69 Wandelt B. D. 61 95 31 Welikala N. 60 Yvon D. 17 Zacchei A. 49 Zaroubi S. 71 Zonca A. 30 1 APC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet , 75205 Paris Cedex 13 , France 2 Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory , Metsähovintie 114 , 02540 Kylmälä , Finland 3 Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan , Bauman Str., 20, 420111 Kazan , Republic of Tatarstan , Russia 4 African Institute for Mathematical Sciences , 6-8 Melrose Road, Muizenberg , Cape Town , South Africa 5 Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Science Data Center, c/o ESRIN , via Galileo Galilei , Frascati , Italy 6 Agenzia Spaziale Italiana , Viale Liegi 26 , Roma , Italy 7 Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , J J Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0HE , UK 8 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, ALMA Santiago Central Offices, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, 763 0355 Casilla , Santiago , Chile 9 CITA, University of Toronto , 60 St. George St. , Toronto ON M5S 3H8 , Canada 10 CNRS , IRAP, 9 Av. Colonel Roche , BP 44346 , 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France 11 California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California , USA 12 Centre of Mathematics for Applications, University of Oslo , Blindern , Oslo , Norway 13 Centro de Astrofísica, Universidade do Porto , Rua das Estrelas , 4150-762 Porto , Portugal 14 Centro de Estudios de Física del Cosmos de Aragón (CEFCA), Plaza San Juan, 1, planta 2 , 44001 Teruel , Spain 15 Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USA 16 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Madrid , Spain 17 DSM/Irfu/SPP, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex , France 18 DTU Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Elektrovej 327 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark 19 Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève , 24 Quai E. Ansermet , 1211 Genève 4 , Switzerland 20 Departamento de Física Fundamental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Salamanca , 37008 Salamanca , Spain 21 Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo , Avda. Calvo Sotelo s/n , Oviedo , Spain 22 Department of Astronomy and Geodesy, Kazan Federal University , Kremlevskaya Str., 18 , 420008 Kazan , Russia 23 Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen , PO Box 9010 , 6500 GL Nijmegen , The Netherlands 24 Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia , 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada 25 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letter, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA 90089 , USA 26 Department of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland 27 Department of Physics, Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey , USA 28 Department of Physics, University of California , Berkeley , California , USA 29 Department of Physics, University of California , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California , USA 30 Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara , California , USA 31 Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1110 West Green Street , Urbana , Illinois , USA 32 Department of Statistics, Purdue University, 250 N. University Street , West Lafayette , Indiana , USA 33 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università degli Studi di Padova , via Marzolo 8 , 35131 Padova , Italy 34 Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara , via Saragat 1 , 44122 Ferrara , Italy 35 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 2 , Roma , Italy 36 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria, 16 Milano , Italy 37 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trieste , via A. Valerio 2 , Trieste , Italy 38 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata , via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1 , Roma , Italy 39 Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata , via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1 , Roma , Italy 40 Discovery Center, Niels Bohr Institute , Blegdamsvej 17 , Copenhagen , Denmark 41 Dpto. Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL) , 38206 La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain 42 European Southern Observatory , ESO Vitacura, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, 19001 Casilla , Santiago , Chile 43 European Space Agency, ESAC, Planck Science Office, Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanización Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada , Madrid , Spain 44 European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1 , 2201 AZ Noordwijk , The Netherlands 45 GEPI, Observatoire de Paris , Section de Meudon, 5 place J. Janssen , 92195 Meudon Cedex , France 46 Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland 47 INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova , Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5 , Padova , Italy 48 INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , via di Frascati 33 , Monte Porzio Catone , Italy 49 INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , via G.B. Tiepolo 11 , Trieste , Italy 50 INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia , via P. Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy 51 INAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101 , Bologna , Italy 52 INAF/IASF Milano , via E. Bassini 15 , Milano , Italy 53 INFN, Sezione di Roma 1, Universit‘a di Roma Sapienza , Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 , 00185 Roma , Italy 54 IPAG: Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble 1/CNRS-INSU, UMR 5274 , 38041 Grenoble , France 55 IUCAA, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune University Campus , Pune 411 007 , India 56 Imperial College London, Astrophysics group, Blackett Laboratory , Prince Consort Road , London , SW7 2AZ , UK 57 Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA 58 Institut Néel, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I , 25 rue des Martyrs , Grenoble , France 59 Institut Universitaire deFrance , 103, bd Saint-Michel, 75005 , Paris , France 60 Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS (UMR 8617), Université Paris-Sud 11 , Bâtiment 121 , Orsay , France 61 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS (UMR 7095) , 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 , Paris , France 62 Institute for Space Sciences , Bucharest-Magurale , Romania 63 Institute of Astro and Particle Physics, Technikerstrasse 25/8, University of Innsbruck , 6020 , Innsbruck , Austria 64 Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan 65 Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road , Cambridge CB3 0HA , UK 66 Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo , Blindern , Oslo , Norway 67 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias , C/Vía Láctea s/n, La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain 68 Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria) , Avda. de los Castros s/n , Santander , Spain 69 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive , Pasadena , California , USA 70 Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK 71 Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen , Landleven 12 , 9747 AD Groningen , The Netherlands 72 Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge , Madingley Road , Cambridge , CB3 0HA , UK 73 LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3 , Orsay , France 74 LERMA, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris , 61 avenue de l’Observatoire , Paris , France 75 Laboratoire AIM, IRFU/Service d’Astrophysique – CEA/DSM – CNRS – Université Paris Diderot, Bât. 709, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex , France 76 Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l’Information, CNRS (UMR 5141) and Télécom ParisTech , 46 rue Barrault , 75634 Paris Cedex 13 , France 77 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble , 53 rue des Martyrs , 38026 Grenoble Cedex , France 78 Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université Paris-Sud 11 & CNRS , Bâtiment 210 , 91405 Orsay , France 79 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USA 80 Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik , Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1 , 85741 Garching , Germany 81 Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik , Giessenbachstraße , 85748 Garching , Germany 82 MilliLab, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 3 , Espoo , Finland 83 National University of Ireland, Department of Experimental Physics , Maynooth , Co. Kildare , Ireland 84 Niels Bohr Institute , Blegdamsvej 17 , Copenhagen , Denmark 85 Observational Cosmology, Mail Stop 367-17, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA , 91125 , USA 86 Optical Science Laboratory, University College London , Gower Street , London , UK 87 SISSA, Astrophysics Sector , via Bonomea 265 , 34136 Trieste , Italy 88 School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University , Queens Buildings, The Parade , Cardiff , CF24 3AA , UK 89 Space Research Institute (IKI) , Profsoyuznaya 84/32 , Moscow , Russia 90 Space Research Institute (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya Str, 84/32 , 117997 Moscow , Russia 91 Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California , Berkeley , California , USA 92 Stanford University, Dept of Physics, Varian Physics Bldg , 382 via Pueblo Mall , Stanford , California , USA 93 TÜBİTAK National Observatory, Akdeniz University Campus , 07058 , Antalya , Turkey 94 Tuorla Observatory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , Väisäläntie 20 , 21500 Piikkiö , Finland 95 UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR7095 , 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 , Paris , France 96 Université Denis Diderot (Paris 7) , 75205 Paris Cedex 13 , France 97 Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP , 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France 98 University Observatory, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich , Scheinerstrasse 1 , 81679 Munich , Germany 99 University of Granada, Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias , Granada , Spain 100 Warsaw University Observatory , Aleje Ujazdowskie 4 , 00-478 Warszawa , Poland ⋆ Corresponding author: M. Rossetti, e-mail: [email protected] 07 02 2013 07 02 2013 2 2013 550 aa/2013/02 A132 17 7 2012 22 10 2012 © ESO, 2013 2013 ESO The survey of galaxy clusters performed by Planck through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect has already discovered many interesting objects, thanks to its full sky coverage. One of the SZ candidates detected inthe early months of the mission near to the signal-to-noise threshold, PLCKG214.6+37.0, was later revealed by XMM-Newton to be a triple system of galaxy clusters. We present the results from a deep XMM-Newton re-observation of PLCKG214.6+37.0, part of a multi-wavelength programme to investigate Planck discovered superclusters. The characterisation of the physical properties of the three components has allowed us to build a template model to extract the total SZ signal of this system with Planck data. We have partly reconciled the discrepancy between the expected SZ signal derived from X-rays and the observed one, which are now consistent within 1.2 σ . We measured the redshift of the three components with the iron lines in the X-ray spectrum, and confirm that the three clumps are likely part of the same supercluster structure. The analysis of the dynamical state of the three components, as well as the absence of detectable excess X-ray emission, suggests that we are witnessing the formation of a massive cluster at an early phase of interaction. galaxies: clusters: general large-scale structure of Universe galaxies: clusters: individual: PLCKG214.6+37.0 idline A&A 550, A132 (2013) cover_date February 2013 first_month 2 last_month 2 first_year 2013 last_year 2013
Keywords
- Galaxies: clusters: general
- Galaxies: clusters: individual: PLCKG214.6+37.0
- Large-scale structure of Universe