Abstract
This paper explores the transformative role of Industry 4.0 (I4) technologies—specifically Blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data Analytics (BDA), Smart Factories, Robotics—in enabling the circular food supply chain (FSC). Through a systematic literature review, we identify how these technologies contribute to key circular economy (CE) strategies in FSC, comprising reduction, redistribution, valorisation, and nutrient recovery. We also examine implementation barriers, including digital infrastructure gaps, regulatory misalignments, and data interoperability. A conceptual framework is proposed to map digital solutions to CE principles in food systems. Our findings offer actionable insights for scaling up digital-enabled circular practices in the agri-food sector.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 127-151 |
| Number of pages | 25 |
| Journal | Journal of Circular Economy (JoCE) |
| Volume | 3 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 31 Dec 2025 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© The Author(s) 2026.
Keywords
- Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Big Data Analytics (BDA)
- Blockchain
- Circular economy (CE)
- Food Waste
- Food supply chain (FSC)
- Industry 4.0 (I4)
- Internet of Things (IoT)
- Robotics
- Smart Factories
- Sustainability
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